Want to Find Out What IRS Auditors Know About Your Industry?

Multiethnicity colleagues in a business meeting in the office

To prepare for a business audit, an IRS examiner generally researches the specific industry and issues on the taxpayer’s return. Examiners may use IRS Audit Techniques Guides (ATGs). A little-known secret is that these guides are available to the public on the IRS website. In other words, your business can use the same guides to gain insight into what the IRS is looking for in terms of compliance with tax laws and regulations.

Many ATGs target specific industries or businesses, such as construction, aerospace, art galleries, architecture and veterinary medicine. Others address issues that frequently arise in audits, such as executive compensation, passive activity losses and capitalization of tangible property.

Unique Issues

IRS auditors examine different types of businesses, as well as individual taxpayers and tax-exempt organizations. Each type of return might have unique industry issues, business practices and terminology. Before meeting with taxpayers and their advisors, auditors do their homework to understand the industry and its typical issues, the accounting methods commonly used, how income is received, and areas where taxpayers might not be in compliance.

By using a specific ATG, an auditor may be able to reconcile discrepancies when reported income or expenses aren’t consistent with what’s typical for the industry. The auditor also might identify anomalies within the geographic area in which the business is located.

Although ATGs were created to help IRS examiners uncover common methods of hiding income and inflating deductions, they also can help businesses ensure they aren’t engaging in practices that could raise audit red flags.

Updates and Revisions

Some guides were written several years ago and others are relatively new. There isn’t a guide for every industry. Here are some of the guides that have been revised or added recently:

  • Child Care Provider (January 2022),
  • Construction Industry (April 2021),
  • Entertainment (March 2023) and,
  • Equity (Stock)-Based Compensation (June 2024).

For a complete list of ATGs, visit the IRS website here: https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/audit-techniques-guides-atgs

Photo by rawpixel from Freerange Stock

Recovering Lost Documents and Receiving Tax Relief After a Natural Disaster

A moody photo showing raindrops on a car window, creating a soft focus effect on the blurred traffic outside. The overcast sky and wet conditions add a sense of melancholy and reflection, capturing a quiet moment in the hustle of everyday life.

It’s common for individual and business taxpayers to lose financial records during a natural disaster. Unfortunately, you usually need such records to document losses for your insurance company and to qualify for federal assistance, so it’s important to think about recovering lost documents if this ever happens to you.

If you visit the IRS website (https://www.irs.gov/individuals/get-transcript), you can view or obtain copies of your historical tax returns, wage and income statements, and other tax account information.

Requesting online access to your records is the fastest method, but even physical transcripts can be expected to arrive in the mail within 10 calendar days. Call your bank, credit card issuers and other financial service providers for copies of other needed documents.

If you were the victim of a natural disaster this year, you also may be eligible for filing extensions and other tax relief. Visit the IRS website for more information: https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations

Photo by Nadine_Shaabana from Freerange Stock

Seniors: A Tax-Wise Alternative to Selling Your Appreciated Home

A single-story house with a well-manicured lawn under a sky with a dramatic orange sunset

In recent years, the residential real estate market has surged in many areas. That means many homes have greatly appreciated, and the $250,000 home sale gain exclusion ($500,000 for joint filers) isn’t always sufficient to protect a home sale from federal income taxes. If you’re a senior thinking about selling your highly appreciated home, the transaction may bring a painful tax bill. One alternative to consider is aging in place.

If you remain in your home until your death, the tax basis generally will be adjusted to your home’s fair market value as of your date of death. When your heirs sell the home, they’ll owe federal capital gains tax only on appreciation that occurs after this date. The rules are a little more complicated for married couples, but ample tax savings can still be reaped from aging in place.

Tax planning usually calls for action. But this is one situation where it might make sense to hang tight. Contact the office to determine if this strategy is right for you and your family.

408-252-1800

Photo by Gus_Ruballo from Freerange Stock

How to Sign Up for an IP PIN

Digital security represented by a combination lock set on a laptop.

by Ryan Niederer

We want to ensure your financial security and protect you from the growing threat of identity theft. One effective way to do this is by obtaining your Identity Protection Personal Identification Number (IP PIN). The IRS is encouraging taxpayers to sign up for an IP PIN before November 23, 2024. The IP PIN system will undergo maintenance after this date and be unavailable until early January 2025.

What is an IP PIN?

An IP PIN is a unique six -digit number that prevents someone else from filing a federal tax return using a taxpayer’s Social Security number. The IP PIN, known only to an individual and the IRS, confirms their identity when they file their tax return, making it much more difficult for thieves to use their information fraudulently.

Signing up for an IP PIN now will ensure your identity is protected when the filing season begins. The PIN number is valid for one calendar year.

How to Obtain Your IP PIN:

  1. The best way to sign up for an IP PIN is through IRS Online Account. The process requires identity verification, and spouses and dependents can also obtain an IP PIN if they complete the required verification steps. Once an IP PIN is issued, it must be on both electronic and paper returns.  To get an IP PIN, taxpayers should create or log into their online account at IRS.gov and follow the steps for identity verification. Once verified, taxpayers need to click on the profile tab to request their IP PIN. IP PIN users must use this number when filing their federal tax returns for the current calendar year and any previous years filed during that same period.
  2. For those unable to create an Online Account, alternative methods are available, such as in-person authentication at a Taxpayer Assistance Center. More information is available on how to sign up at Get an identity protection Pin (IP PIN).

We strongly encourage you to take the time to obtain your IP PIN. It’s a simple step that can help protect you against tax-related identity theft.

If you have any questions or need further assistance, please don’t hesitate to contact our office.

408-252-1800

Tax Implications of Depreciation: A Comprehensive Guide

by Natalie Nguyen

Depreciation is a key concept in accounting and finance, reflecting how an asset loses value over time due to factors like wear and tear, aging, or obsolescence. But did you know that depreciation also has significant tax implications? In this blog post, we’ll explore these tax aspects and their impact on businesses.

What is Depreciation?

Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life. It shows how companies account for the gradual loss of value in their assets.

Tax Deductions and Depreciation

For businesses, depreciation is considered an expense. Even though it’s a non-cash expense, it helps reduce taxable income. The IRS allows businesses to deduct this calculated depreciation from their corporate income taxes, which can significantly lower their tax liability and boost after-tax profits.

Bonus Depreciation

Bonus depreciation is a tax incentive that lets businesses accelerate deductions on “qualified property” in addition to regular depreciation when these assets are first put into use. This incentive encourages businesses to invest in new equipment.

Initially introduced through the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act in 2002, this provision allowed businesses to deduct an extra 30% of the cost of eligible assets beyond the standard depreciation expense. In 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act increased the bonus depreciation rate to 100%. This rate started phasing out at the end of 2022, decreasing by 20% each year (80% in 2023, 60% in 2024, 40% in 2025, and 20% in 2026), with the provision set to expire by the end of 2026.

Eligible property for bonus depreciation includes depreciable assets with a useful life of 20 years or less, such as vehicles, furniture, manufacturing equipment, and heavy machinery. “Qualified improvement property” is also eligible for bonus depreciation.

Unfortunately, California does not conform to the federal bonus depreciation provision. While businesses can realize significant initial year tax savings at the federal level, they may find more tax savings at the state level in later years due to this lack of conformity.

Section 179 Deduction

As bonus depreciation phases out, small businesses can still leverage initial-year expensing through Section 179 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under Section 179, businesses can deduct the full purchase price of qualifying equipment bought or financed within the tax year, subject to certain limits and phase-outs. For the 2024 tax year, the federal deduction limit under Section 179 is set at $1,220,000, with a phase-out threshold starting at $3,050,000. For example, if a company purchases $1,000,000 in qualifying equipment before the end of 2024, it can deduct the entire amount from its gross income. However, if the purchase price reaches $1,500,000, it becomes subject to phase-out. Purchases exceeding $3,050,000 do not qualify for additional deductions and are handled using the standard depreciation method.

In California, the state conforms to Section 179 but caps the maximum deduction at $25,000 per year, phasing out completely when the total purchase price for the year exceeds $200,000.

Impact on Net Income

Since depreciation reduces taxable income, it also reduces the taxes a company owes, leading to a higher net income. However, it’s important to note that because depreciation is a non-cash expense, it doesn’t impact the company’s cash flow.

Understanding the tax implications of depreciation is crucial for businesses, as it can lead to significant tax savings and influence decisions regarding asset acquisition and disposal.

Photo Attribution:

MobiusDaXter, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Boost Morale and Save Taxes with Achievement Awards

A group of multiethnic colleagues giving high five in the office

Some small businesses struggle with employee morale for a variety of reasons, one of which may be economic uncertainty. If you want to boost employees’ spirits without a big financial outlay, an achievement awards program is a relatively low-cost fringe benefit that may be a win-win addition.

Under such an initiative, you can hand out awards at an appointed time, such as a year-end ceremony or holiday party. And, as long as you follow the rules, the awards will be tax-deductible for your company and tax-free for recipient employees.

Fulfilling the requirements

To qualify for favorable tax treatment, achievement awards must be granted to employees for either promoting safety in the workplace or length of service. The award can’t be disguised compensation or a payoff for closing a big deal. In addition, they must be tangible items, ranging from a gold watch or a smartphone to a plaque or a trophy. Examples of awards that would violate the rules are gift certificates, vacations, or tickets to sporting events or concerts.

Additional requirements apply to each type of award:

1. Safety awards. These can’t go to managers, administrators, clerical workers or other professional employees. Also, safety awards won’t qualify for favorable tax treatment if the company grants them to more than 10% of eligible employees in the same year.

2. Length-of-service awards. To receive such an award, an employee must have worked for the business for at least five years. In addition, the employee can’t have received a length-of-service award within the last five years.

Also keep in mind that the award must be part of a “meaningful presentation.” That doesn’t mean you have to host a gala awards dinner at the Ritz, but the award should be marked by a ceremony befitting the occasion.

Nonqualified vs. qualified

There are limits on an award’s value depending on whether the achievement awards program is nonqualified or qualified. For a nonqualified program, the annual maximum award is $400. For a qualified program the maximum is $1,600 (including nonqualified awards). Any excess above these amounts is nondeductible for the employer and taxable to the employee. If an employee receives multiple awards in one year, these figures apply to the total, not to each individual award.

To establish a qualified program, and therefore benefit from the higher limit, you must meet two additional requirements. First, awards must be granted under a written plan and the plan must be open to all eligible employees without favoritism. Second, the program must not discriminate in favor of highly compensated employees as to eligibility or benefits. For 2024, the salary threshold for a highly compensated employee is $155,000.

Awards of nominal value are generally not taxable. These are small, infrequent gifts such as a coffee mug, a t-shirt or an occasional meal.

Explore the idea

If an achievement awards program makes sense for your company, be sure that these requirements are met. Otherwise, you and your employees could suffer negative tax consequences. Contact the office for guidance in setting up a program that checks all the boxes.

408-252-1800

Photo by rawpixel from Freerange Stock

When is Employer-Paid Life Insurance Taxable?

daily use items for an older or distinguished gentleman

If the fringe benefits of your job include employer-paid group term life insurance, a portion of the premiums for the coverage may be taxable. And that could result in undesirable income tax consequences for you.

The cost of the first $50,000 of group term life insurance paid by your employer is excluded from taxable income. But the employer-paid cost of coverage over $50,000 is taxable to you and included in the taxable wages reported on your Form W-2, even if you never actually receive any benefits from it. That’s called “phantom income.”

Have you reviewed your W-2?

If you’re receiving employer-paid group term life insurance coverage in excess of $50,000, check your W-2 to see the impact on your taxable wages. If there’s a dollar amount in Box 12 (with code “C”), that’s the amount your employer paid to provide you with group term life insurance over $50,000, minus any amount that you paid for the coverage. You’re responsible for any taxes due on the amount in Box 12, including employment tax.

The amount in Box 12 is already included as part of your total “Wages, tips and other compensation” in Box 1 of the W-2. It’s the amount in Box 1 that’s reported on your tax return.

What are your options?

If the tax cost seems too high for the benefit you’re getting, ask your employer if they have a “carve-out” plan, which allows certain employees to opt out of the group coverage. If there’s no such option, ask your employer if they’d be willing to create one.

Carve-out plans vary, but one option is for your employer to continue to provide $50,000 of group-term coverage at no cost to you. Your employer could then provide you with an individual permanent policy for the balance of the coverage. Or it could pay you a cash bonus representing the amount it would have spent for the excess coverage, and you could use that money to pay premiums for an individual policy. There would still be tax consequences, but the tax liability might be smaller and the coverage might better meet your needs.

We can help

You may have other tax questions about life insurance. Feel free to contact the office for answers.

408-252-1800

Photo by Pexels from Freerange Stock

Factoring the QBI Deduction into Tax Planning for Your Business

Person researching for business on a computer

Thanks to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, sole proprietors and owners of pass-through entities, such as partnerships, S corporations and, generally, limited liability companies, may be able to claim tax deductions based on their qualified business income (QBI deduction) and certain other income.

This deduction can be up to 20% of your QBI, subject to limits that apply at higher income levels. However, some tax planning strategies can increase or decrease your allowable QBI deduction for 2024. So if you’re eligible for this deduction, it’s important to consider the impact other year-end strategies will have on it before executing them. Also keep in mind that this deduction is scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 unless Congress acts to extend it.

Contact the office for help optimizing your overall tax results.

408-252-1800

Photo by StartupStockPhotos from Freerange Stock

The Rise of Check Kiting and Other Check Fraud

Close up of woman's hand pressing keys on keypad of automated teller machine (ATM)

While the use of paper checks has greatly diminished, thieves still view them as a source for stealing revenue. In fact, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network warns that many thieves are returning to old-fashioned financial theft like check kiting. That’s one reason why the U.S. Postal Service urges us to not send checks through the mail, where they may be vulnerable.

“Check kiting” is a type of check fraud to be aware of. It relies on “float time.” That’s the period of delay between when a check is deposited in a bank and when the bank collects the related funds. In recent years, float time has narrowed, but it hasn’t disappeared. Unethical employees can use float time to falsely inflate an account balance, allowing checks that would otherwise bounce to clear. This type of crime usually involves multiple banks or multiple accounts in the same bank.

Strategies for Thwarting Check Fraud

Here are five strategies you can implement to keep people from using your company’s accounts for fraudulent activity, including check kiting.

1. Educate employees about bank fraud. Teach them to recognize fraudulent transactions and related red flags. Workers who are aware of suspicious activities can bolster management’s commitment to preventing fraud.

2. Rotate key accounting roles. Segregate accounting duties. By rotating tasks among staffers, if possible, you can help uncover ongoing schemes and limit opportunities to steal.

3. Reconcile bank accounts daily. Make sure someone trustworthy, who isn’t involved in issuing payments, reconciles every company bank account.

4. Maintain control of paper checks. Store blank checks in a locked cabinet or safe and periodically inventory the blank check stock. Also limit who’s allowed to order new checks.

5. Go digital. The most effective way to prevent check fraud is to stop using paper checks altogether. Consider replacing them with ACH payments or another form of electronic payments.

Tighten Up

The bottom line is, it’s a mistake to assume that check fraud is too old-fashioned to attract the attention of thieves.

Vigilance in your banking processes can help thwart it. For help tightening your internal controls, contact the office.

408-252-1800

Photo by NappyStudio from Freerange Stock

Added Protection for Your Personal and Financial Information

Business protection secure and encryption internet technology concept. Businessman use smart pad with Virtual screen with padlock icons. Business technology background.

Protection is key when guarding your personal and financial information from fraudsters. That’s why the IRS offers a vital tool, the Identity Protection Personal ID Number (IP PIN). The IP PIN is a six-digit number you can apply for voluntarily. It’s known only to you and the IRS. It’s valid for one year, and you’ll automatically be given a new one after expiration.

To apply for an IP PIN, you must have a Social Security Number or Individual Taxpayer ID Number. You also must verify your identity to the IRS.

Suppose you file your tax return with an incorrect IP PIN. The return will be rejected, or the IRS will reach out to validate the information.

For more on IP PINs: https://www.irs.gov/identity-theft-fraud-scams/frequently-asked-questions-about-the-identity-protection-personal-identification-number-ip-pin

Photo by Photo by Chayantorn Tongmorn from Freerange Stock